M&A Financial Due Diligence

When a deal is on the table, every figure carries its source.

Verification-led diligence support for the deals a full-scope accounting-firm engagement is not built for. Built for sponsors and independent buyers underwriting a target, for brokers and deal teams who need every figure to carry its source, and for founders getting ready to sell. Agentic AI builds and maintains the system, and a deterministic engine computes every number, so the same inputs return the same outputs on any run.

Buy-Side

Quality of earnings support

A diligence package built so every EBITDA figure traces back to the general ledger, and so the trace is visible to whoever asks. Normalized EBITDA where every adjustment carries its basis and its source, and anything the engine cannot support with evidence ships flagged rather than filled. You decide what it means for price.

Earnings
Normalized EBITDA and Add-Backs

An EBITDA schedule and an add-backs register built from the target's own trial balance. Each adjustment sits on its own row with the account it came from, the rule that identified it, and the evidence behind it, so a reviewer can accept or reject any single line without unpicking the rest.

  • EBITDA and add-backs tied line by line to the GL
  • Every adjustment carries its basis and its source account
  • Judgment items ship identified and evidenced rather than sized
  • Add-backs you reject come out without breaking the schedule
Cash
Proof of Cash

Reported activity reconciled against the bank, account by account and month by month, using two checks per account-month, rising to four once there is a prior period to difference against. Where a month cannot be proven, the package says so on its own line and names what is missing.

  • Proof of cash reconciled against bank activity, when bank statements are supplied
  • Two checks per account and month, four once a prior period exists
  • Unproven months land in a review register rather than disappearing
  • Missing statements and out-of-balance months are named, never absorbed
Run the checks yourself on sample figures below
Findings
Red Flags and the Question Set

A register of findings, each one carrying an identifier, a severity, and the evidence that produced it. The diligence question list is generated from those findings, so the questions you take into management meetings point at the specific rows that raised them.

  • Red flag analysis with source evidence attached
  • Diligence question set sized against the findings
  • Each question keyed to the finding that raised it
  • A findings memo generated deterministically, every figure carrying its tab and cell reference
The Method

The four identities, and when each one applies

Every bank account, every month, each applicable identity proven to a tolerance of one dollar. Two identities apply to every month. The two that difference against the prior period apply from the second month of the window onward, because the first month has no prior balance to difference against. A month that clears every identity available to it is reconciled. A month that fails any of them lands in a review register with the failing check quoted, never absorbed into a plug.

Check One
The statement self-foots

Opening plus inflows minus outflows must equal the closing balance, using only the statement's own figures.

Check Two
Closing ties to the ledger

The statement closing balance must equal the general ledger cash balance for the same month.

Check Three
The flow ties

The statement's net flow must equal the change in ledger cash from the prior month to this one. Applies from the second month of the window onward, once there is a prior period to difference against.

Check Four
The opening ties back

The statement opening balance must equal the prior month's ledger cash closing balance. Applies from the second month of the window onward, once there is a prior period to difference against.

Sample Data · One Account · Three Months

The figures are yours to change

Every cell below is editable. The four identities recompute on every keystroke, the same arithmetic every time. The sample carries a closing balance for the month before January, so all four identities apply to all three months here. One month arrives broken. The register underneath says which check failed and by how much, and it carries a hint worth reading closely. An unproven month is never absorbed into a plug, here or in the deliverable, because forcing the reconciliation to appear clean would be trivial arithmetic and a false statement.

Sell-Side

Ready before the diligence team arrives

For founders heading toward a sale who want the numbers clean before a buyer's diligence team shows up. Most companies in this position run lean books because the business never needed more, and that is a tooling gap rather than a judgment on anyone. The work is closing that gap while there is still time to close it.

Before the Process
Readiness Assessment

A read on where the reporting will draw questions, run against what buy-side diligence teams typically test, followed by the cleanup. The point is that the seller sees the hard questions first and answers them on their own schedule.

  • Readiness assessment against what buy-side diligence teams typically test
  • Reporting and add-back cleanup before the process starts
  • Add-back positions documented with evidence while the records are fresh
  • Investor-grade package ready before the data room opens
During the Process
Transaction-Window Support

Support through the transaction window on a monthly retainer, so the numbers stay current while the process runs and diligence requests get answered from a package that was built to be checked.

  • Transaction-window support retainer
  • Monthly figures refreshed while the process is live
  • Diligence requests answered from the same evidenced package
  • Add-back positions defended with the source rows attached
Scope

What ships, and what does not

The fastest way to lose a deal room is to let a boundary get discovered at delivery. Scope is agreed in writing before the work starts, and the limits below are stated in every engagement letter rather than found later. Each draft also carries a table of the workstreams it did not perform, why, and what would close each one, on the tab a buyer opens first.

01
This Is Analytical Support, Not an Attest Engagement

Vantage FP&A LLC is not a CPA firm. The work is diligence and analytical support. It is not an audit, a review, a compilation, or an attest engagement, and it carries no opinion or assurance. Where a lender or an investment committee specifically requires a named CPA firm's engagement letter, Vantage says so on the first call rather than at delivery.

02
Judgment Items Ship Flagged Rather Than Filled

Some adjustments need a market input that a machine has no business inventing. Owner compensation is the clearest example. Those items are identified, evidenced, and handed to you unsized, with the basis stated in words so you can size them with your own comparables. The engine proves what it can prove and declines the rest out loud.

03
Proof of Cash Runs at the Account-Month Level

The reconciliation ties reported activity to bank statement activity for each account in each month. Line-level matching of bank activity against journal detail is the next layer of the build and is named as roadmap in writing before an engagement starts. Where a check depends on data that is not available, the workbook renders it as pending rather than approximating it.

04
No Valuation, No Price Opinion, No Tax or Legal Diligence

Vantage produces the evidence and the questions. What the findings mean for price, structure, or whether to proceed is yours and your advisors' call, and nothing in the package recommends a transaction. Tax and legal diligence sit with the specialists who own them.

Verification

How you check the work

A diligence package is only worth the questions it can survive. Every figure is produced by deterministic code and every workbook ships formula-driven. An automated quality gate runs on every build. A separate adversarial review, dispatched to a reviewer who did not build the package, argues with the work as well.

There is a deal, and the numbers need to carry their source

Tell us which side you are on, the size, and the clock. Twenty minutes is usually enough to know whether this fits. If it does not, we will say so.

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